Tough shoe-bottom filler.



psi-ran nascent.

ANDREW THOMA, 0F CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, dSSIG-NGR T0 NEE-TH AFT-IERIGAR' CHEMICAL COMPANY, 0}? NE)? YORK, N. Y., A GOREORLATION OE MAINE.

recon SHOE-BOTTOM FILLER.

isenese.

No Drawing.

T 0 all 10720712 it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW THOMA, a

citizen of the United States, and resident of position for filling the bottom cavities of welt shoes, and this application is mainly divided out from and a continuation of my previous application Serial No, 4132,08 3 May '11, 908 which has now become Patent No. 1,032,312, dated July 9, 1912.

In my Patent l lo. 945,294: of January 4., 1910 (whose application was pending at the same time as the aforesaid application Serial No. 32,083 of which this is largely a division, as stated) 1 discuss the effect upon glue, of certain modifying agents in a shoe filling composition. The agent in particular is wax tailings, a residuum of petroleum, and my present invention relates to the same general composition, but with a refinement not disclosed in said patent, the present invention being to a specific composition and application of the binder to the filler mass. In my application Serial -ilo.432,083 viz, the Patent 1,032,312 above referred to (copending, as stated, With my latent No. 94-32%) I discuss the efi'ect or several modifiers or restrainers for the was: ailings, the specific claims being for a restrainer of a pasty nature. In my application Serial 1 0. 591,207 filed November T, 1910 (subordinate to my Patent No. 945,294 above mentioned) I have claimed a sticky tenacious Water-re,- pellent component modified by glue and have stated that my said component may be Various cimhinations'of resinous tar y or pitchy ingredients, mentioning among others Wax tailings, but my specific claims therein for resinous ingredients made sticky by suitable agents. Also in this last 'xientioned applicationand in my Patent No. 945,294, the gluey component is the predominating element or base of the binder, and the Wax sailings is simply a WiltGP-" 'GPU 1 my Patent 1,032,312 the Wax tailings predominating component and is upon mainly for the cementing as ell a the water-proofing of t 1e composition, Whil Specification of Letters @atnt.

' filling the shoe bottom oavi rice.

Patented nee, e2, this,

Application filed July 5, 1912. Serial No. 7013745.

the gelatinous or gluey preparation is merely for restraining (being ncidentally eementitious) and is sluggish and smeary, The present application divisional in part and a continuation in part, as already explained) aims to protect the species left unprotected specifically left Without specific claims thereto), via, WitX tailings of a soft free flowing Variety (which is generally the stickier kind) modified by an adhesive of animal origin to prevent the too ready absorption of the tailings by the filler-body material, While at the sometime protecting the imther refinement ofithe invention which resides in so balancing the two component that each constitutes base or hinder,

; glue being reduced to a tlii'inhighly fluid adapt them for use as binders in shoe filling compositions, 2', e. compositions used in fil ing in the inner soles orbottom cavities of Welt shoes. These compositions are usually of cork or of ground leather and a suitable binder. The WELX 'tai'ling s already men tioned (a product of petroleum distillation) is as stated in that application, a'suitahle binder, and, because it is sticky. tenacious, always the same, and easily responsive to, or sensitive to, heat, is very Wellsuited to the purpose. Some forms of it, especially the softer stickier varieties, have, however, a too ready tendency to flux under heat and to he easily absorbed by the body ma being so sticky, have a tends the knife'(it cold) of the opei' I introduce with this waxy min-any material, a restraining slow dryirnent, and the one that 1 have I ful for the purpose and which essential features, accor claims of the present.

which, as will presently appear, is better or combination of a Waxy base of a perma-- nently sticky, tenacious, heat-responsive and quick-setting adhesive of the kind stated with such a size or animal adhesive under the conditions stated, is the subject'of my present invention in its more complete em bodiment.

' Animal sizes are gelatins and albuminates,

the latter including principally albumen and casein. My present invention, While broadly for an adhesive of animal origin, is specifically 'for gelatin. Chemists use the plural formgelatins-to designate compounds slightly differing from each other in origin and constitution, but I prefer to use in the present case but one \vord, gelatin, to include all these. .Probably its animal origin in some way which I am not able to explain, accounts for its rather peculiar adaptability to a filler in the bottom cavity of a. leather shoe, particularly when the body material of the filler is leather scrap. Leather, it should be observed, consists largely of glutinous, cartilaginous material, hardened by tannin, or, in the case of chrome tanned leather, by chromic acid'conrpounds. Glue or gelatin, andl. here use these Words inpreferably tercl'iangeably, has a peculiar aflinity for leather provided it is notgreasy, and unites readily with it. Glue swells in cold Water and becomes viscous and gelatinous. It is dissolved WltllOUt much difficulty, in hot Water. Glue is also not only a restrainer but introduces the quality of extreme tenacity or toughness.

First I make a thin free-flowing solution of the glue by subjecting the swelled glue to ahot Water bath to render it free-flowing. To this thin free-flowing heated liquid or glue solution I add my Waxy binder also hot, generally wax tailings, although I may use any or all, in Whole or in part, of the substances mentioned and referred to in my application Serial. No. 432,088, aforesaid (Patent 1,032,312). These are thoroughly intermixed in a stirrer or mixer until the heavier, stickier \vax tailings become entirely out up or subdivided into exceedingly small particles and distributed in suspension throughout the thin solution so that both components are in .a thin liquid form. The fluid is then poured into the required mass of'dry comminuted filler-body material, granular cork, in a revolving mixing 1l'l,:iCl1lI10. Because of the extremely free-flowing condition of. the Wax tailings and its tllin gluey separator, the distribution of the war; failings throughout the cork is accomplished with av remarkable evenness and tenuity. Notwithstanding the fact that to realization.

the Wax tailingsare so exceedingly sticky,

they are dulled and separated into exceedingly small globules (almost into molecules) so that they slip asy-it were over the cork, being carried by the slippery thin 'gluey solution. By this means l have found that I can succeed in carrying throughout the entire mass. enough of the tailings to accomplish the purpose of a perfect binder and yet such aminimum amount that the filler seems to 'be practically of cork. It will be understood that the ideal, filler u'ould be pure cork provided it could be introduced into the shoe in a plastic form so that it could be made to conform to the irregular bottom cavity and yet caused to adhere, 00-

sheet. This is doubtless im ossrble, but my invention brings this ideal 'ller very nearly It is best that the cork or other filler-body material be added last, as

in that case the absorptionv of the binder proceeds to the least extent. The reason for this is that the resistant or modifying effect of the glue upon the Wax tailings is then complete and also the tailings are held in the separated globular condition ex plained above so that they cannot come in direct contact With the cork granules, but instead thereof the fluid vehicle or medium comes in direct contact with the cork so that whatever absorptionthere is is of the moisture, and the glue in suspensionor solution therein coats the granule like-a varnish and stops the otherwise penetrative soft tailings from ever getting sufiiciently close access to the cork to be able to penetrate the same. The fact of adding the, cork last may be recognized in the product by the characteristic last explained. The Wax tailings suitable for this composition, as. it ordinarily comes, is liable tobe too readily absorbed by the cork or other filler-body material and'too great an amount thereof is incorporated in the filler When'used alone, and

the cork mass becomes clogged and correspondingly heavy, loses its vitality and resiliency, and makes the material cost more as well as being too heavy ,(by taking too much of the tailings). The glue prevents this absorption from being carried further than the surface of each particle'of'the filler granules, leaving in general anuuitouched resilient natural corefor each particle. This stays resilient during the life fo'f the shoe. The unrestrained binder is also too'sticky for proper handling by the operator-in the shoe factory and is apt to follow the knife of the operator, giving'him trouble sometimes tothe extent of pulling the filler from the shoe bottom (unless the tool is hot).

The glue, etc, prevents this.

While itis possible to furnish the binder composition, as stated above, to the shoe manufacturer for him to liquefy by heat and mix in his own filler-body material, I prefer to furnish the fully prepared filler to the shoe manufacturer ready for use. To accomplish this it is necessary to have the cementitious elements and also the stiffening elements latent or inactive in the filler mass, but in such a condition that it may be immediately developed by steam or moist heat.

"The filler when made as. above explained meets this condition because the gluey stiffener is held latent in a jellified mass or condition when it becomes cool by reason of the contained wax tailings in the finely intermingled disseminated and subdivided condition explained aboye. When the steam or moist heat is subsequently applied .to this filler in the shoe factory, the moisture swells this jellified body, and the moist heat renders the latent qualities of'the glue active and at the same time brings the contained tailings'into the highest degree of efficiency, and gives the mass a sleek workable condition. When it is spreadin the shoe by means of a usual hot tool and thereafter permittedto set it will not thereafter re spond to any heat condition to which the shoe may be subjected in ordinary use. In

fact the complete filler will not respond to dry heat under any conditions.

To render the filler more susceptible to the influence of said hot moisture and less liable to harden in bulk (after it has been manufactured for sale and before it has been put into use in the shoe factory) I introduce into the mixture of glue in a free-flowing solution suitable fluxing and softening means, as treacle, glycerin, olein oil, glucose, or any non-evaporable suitable ,liuid or any combination thereof, or chemical means such for instance as calcium chloridor other ch'emical'salts or solutions) to hold the proteid in a cdndition when cold responsi ve tonioisture. "The filler, made ac cording to myjpresent invention, can be either pressed i'ntoloaf form or brickdike packages, or it may be made into a loose granulated condition only slightly cohesive until subsequently heated with moist heat. My filler, with the glue in its semi-swelled or jellified condition or treated condition, as the case may be, will respond to the action of steam quicker than when simply dissolved in water and more or less dried before use. When the softeners are used, as above mentioned, they serve to retard the glue from setting hard andhorn. like and cause it to remain still more susceptible to the steaming influence necessary to rs der my present filler most effective and r; iy responsive. Qnly enough treacle, gl etc, is used to render the glue suscepr v6 moist heat without im airing its I $116113 binding qualities and; WltllOUjlgii ncing its ultimate firm setting nature whereby it retards the tailings (which are otherwise re sponsive to .dry heat) so as to form a permanently pliable binding mass non-responsive to ordinary conditions of heat in use. The treacle or molasses'for instance, enters into a complete union with-the glue and prevents its horn like resetting, and, as the treacle is exceedingly sensitive to water it causes the filler to respond much quicker to the moist heat. My invention provides a very tenacious filler binder which does not depend wholly for its strength upon the sticky waxy gummy component of the composition. Filler treated in this way when applied steamed will set more readily than when a cold solution of glue is mixed with cork and. used in that state because there is less water to evaporate. My invention makes it practicable to apply the restraining agent of the wax tailings in a heated condi. tion to both thetailings and the filler-body material in a thin. free fioWing solution.

I have attempted to give no formula, as the constituentsof my composition vary in nature to such an extent that a formula of little value. I have endeavored to indicate the physical conditions or consistencies sought to be attained and these are a su'lii cient guide to a skilled workman.

As already stated, I may leave out the filler-body material and package the compound of glue, tailings and water (whether the glue be treated with the softeners or not) leaving the manufacturer to add the filler body of ground waste leather or the like. I may also leave out the water leaving the manufacturer to add the water. 7 It is also possible to introduce the glue or gelatin in a powdered condition (especially when introduced in conjunction with other powders with'cementitious paste-making c0mponents or simply filling components, such as infusorial' earth or plaster of Paris,'as in my application Serial No. 705,135) in which case the glue forms simply the tenacious or strength giving part of the binder,-and if plaster of Paris is also present, its setting within the mass will hold in control the gluey component againstthe subsequent at tack of moisture or heat. So, the wax tailings may be omitted and the cork granules simply coated with the gluey solution in sucha condition as to enable the shoe manufacturer to render the mass plastic by steam or moisture for use.

may supplement the glue or gelatin in part by additions of starch paste, gluten, vegetable gums, dextrin, casein, albumen, or soluble silicates, or by their equivalents, depending npon the gluey component asthe tenacious element of composition.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A shoe-illler composition comprising glue and sticky, soft wax tailings.

2. A shoe-filler composition, comprising glue, sticky, soft Wax tailing's, and a comminutcd filler-body materialsfor a shoe filler.

3. A shoe-fillercomposition comprising an adhesive of animal origin and sticky, soft wax tailings."

4. A shoe-filler composition, comprising an adhesive of animal origin, sticky, soft, wax tailin'gs, and a comminuted filler-body material for a shoe-filler.

5. A shoe-filler, comprising an adhesive of animal origimsticky, soft, Wax tailings, and a comminuted porous material, for a shoe filler.

6. A shoe-filler, comprising granulated cork having its granules thinly coated With a thin solution of glue in a soluble condition to respond to moist heat and when set becoming permanently, pliable, tenacious, ad.- herent, and non-responsive to dry heat un der normal'oonditions of use.

7. The combination in a shoe-filling composition of a permanently sticky, tenacious, slow-drying adhesive, finely subdivided and disseminated in; a thin restraining agent mainly gluenand a granular filler-body havingits granules .lightlyco'ated therewith to constitute a plastic, permanently pliable, re-

silient, and leather-adherent mass, rendered -m i1dable by moist heat for-laying and molding in a shoe-bottom cavity.

8. A shoe-filler composition, comprising sticky, soft,wax tailings, glue, moisture, and comminuted filler-body material, the latter being non-penetrated by the tailings as when added last, 4 r

V 9. A shoe-filler composition, comprising a permanently sticky, tenacious adhesive, a. restrainer consisting of an adhesive of animal origin, and a comminuted filler-body 'material, the tiller body-material being non-- penetrated by the sticky adhesive as When' added last and the sticky qualities of the filler being held latent and capable of development for use by moist heat at a moderate temperature not injurious to cork and leather, and all compounded to a perma' nently pliable, resilient, plastic, leather-ddherent mass readily moldable in a. shoe-bottom,

10.'A shoe-filler composition, comprising a permanently sticky, tenacious binder consisting mainly of sticky, soft Wax tailings, and a elatinized restrainer consisting mainly of glue, and a comminuted filler-body material.

11. A shoe-filler composition, comprising a permanently sticky, tenacious component,

an adhesive of animal origin'ina-mucilaginous condition, and a granular filler-body material, the materials being so pro 'ortioned and mixed that the absorption o the first Coplerof this patent may be attained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of ratelits,

' Washington, D. C. f

12., A composition for binding together comminuted filler-body material, comprising a mucilaginous solution of animal origin, and a sticky, gummy component carried thereby in a finely-suspended condition compounded into a moldable, coherent mass, pliable and non-shifting when set, having a doughy consistency before setting and sponsive to moist heat.

'18, A composition for binding together comminuted filler-body material, comprising a mucilaginous solution-of animal origin, and a sticky, gummy component consisting atleast in part of sott'wa'gi tailings carried thereby in a finely suspendedcondition.

14. A shoe-filler composition, comprising sticky, soft 'wax tailings, an adhesive of animal origin. in a mucilaginous condition, and

a granular resilient filler-body material the materials being so proportioned and mixed that the absorption of the tailings into the particles of the body material is only par-- tial, whereby each of said particles retains'a.

core practically free from the ab'sorbable tailings, said core having. its natural'resiliency practicallyintact.

'15. A shoe-filler composition, comprising a thin fluid binder composed at least in part of a glue in solution containing a non-volatile softening solvent, and a sticky Waxy "component carried by said solution of glue in a finely suspended. condition, combined with comminuted body-material having its particles coated with said thin binder into a plastic, permanently pliable, leather-adherent mass. 16. A shoe-filler composition, 13011113115111? an animal adhesive andia non-volatile so toner, and soft Wax tailings carried thereby in a finely subdivided condition, all in the form of a thin" solution, and colnminuted body-material thoroughly intermixed in said solution to a comparatiyely stili workable condition.

In testimony whereof, I havesigned my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDREW Tl-IOMA.

Witnesses: i A A JAMES B. Hononn, CLYDE L. Rooms. 

